Perceptual learning shapes multisensory causal inference via two distinct mechanisms
Identifieur interne : 000118 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000117; suivant : 000119Perceptual learning shapes multisensory causal inference via two distinct mechanisms
Auteurs : David P. Mcgovern [Irlande (pays)] ; Eugenie Roudaia [Irlande (pays), Canada] ; Fiona N. Newell [Irlande (pays)] ; Neil W. Roach [Royaume-Uni]Source :
- Scientific Reports [ 2045-2322 ] ; 2016.
Abstract
To accurately represent the environment, our brains must integrate sensory signals from a common source while segregating those from independent sources. A reasonable strategy for performing this task is to restrict integration to cues that coincide in space and time. However, because multisensory signals are subject to differential transmission and processing delays, the brain must retain a degree of tolerance for temporal discrepancies. Recent research suggests that the width of this ‘temporal binding window’ can be reduced through perceptual learning, however, little is known about the mechanisms underlying these experience-dependent effects. Here, in separate experiments, we measure the temporal and spatial binding windows of human participants before and after training on an audiovisual temporal discrimination task. We show that training leads to two distinct effects on multisensory integration in the form of (i) a specific narrowing of the temporal binding window that does not transfer to spatial binding and (ii) a general reduction in the magnitude of crossmodal interactions across all spatiotemporal disparities. These effects arise naturally from a Bayesian model of causal inference in which learning improves the precision of audiovisual timing estimation, whilst concomitantly decreasing the prior expectation that stimuli emanate from a common source.
Url:
DOI: 10.1038/srep24673
PubMed: 27091411
PubMed Central: 4835789
Affiliations:
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Mcgovern</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience and School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, College Green</institution>, Dublin 2,<country>Ireland</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Irlande (pays)</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Roudaia, Eugenie" sort="Roudaia, Eugenie" uniqKey="Roudaia E" first="Eugenie" last="Roudaia">Eugenie Roudaia</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience and School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, College Green</institution>, Dublin 2,<country>Ireland</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Irlande (pays)</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>École d’Optométrie, Université de Montréal</institution>, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1P1,<country>Canada</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Newell, Fiona N" sort="Newell, Fiona N" uniqKey="Newell F" first="Fiona N." last="Newell">Fiona N. Newell</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience and School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, College Green</institution>, Dublin 2,<country>Ireland</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Irlande (pays)</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Roach, Neil W" sort="Roach, Neil W" uniqKey="Roach N" first="Neil W." last="Roach">Neil W. Roach</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a3"><institution>Visual Neuroscience Group, School of Psychology, The University of Nottingham</institution>, Nottingham, NG7 2RD,<country>United Kingdom</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Scientific Reports</title><idno type="eISSN">2045-2322</idno><imprint><date when="2016">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>To accurately represent the environment, our brains must integrate sensory signals from a common source while segregating those from independent sources. A reasonable strategy for performing this task is to restrict integration to cues that coincide in space and time. However, because multisensory signals are subject to differential transmission and processing delays, the brain must retain a degree of tolerance for temporal discrepancies. Recent research suggests that the width of this ‘temporal binding window’ can be reduced through perceptual learning, however, little is known about the mechanisms underlying these experience-dependent effects. Here, in separate experiments, we measure the temporal and spatial binding windows of human participants before and after training on an audiovisual temporal discrimination task. We show that training leads to two distinct effects on multisensory integration in the form of (i) a specific narrowing of the temporal binding window that does not transfer to spatial binding and (ii) a general reduction in the magnitude of crossmodal interactions across all spatiotemporal disparities. These effects arise naturally from a Bayesian model of causal inference in which learning improves the precision of audiovisual timing estimation, whilst concomitantly decreasing the prior expectation that stimuli emanate from a common source.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ernst, M O" uniqKey="Ernst M">M. O. Ernst</name></author><author><name sortKey="Banks, M S" uniqKey="Banks M">M. S. Banks</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ernst, M O" uniqKey="Ernst M">M. O. Ernst</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bulthoff, H H" uniqKey="Bulthoff H">H. H. Bulthoff</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Shams, L" uniqKey="Shams L">L. Shams</name></author><author><name sortKey="Beierholm, U R" uniqKey="Beierholm U">U. R. 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Mcgovern</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Newell, Fiona N" sort="Newell, Fiona N" uniqKey="Newell F" first="Fiona N." last="Newell">Fiona N. Newell</name><name sortKey="Roudaia, Eugenie" sort="Roudaia, Eugenie" uniqKey="Roudaia E" first="Eugenie" last="Roudaia">Eugenie Roudaia</name></country><country name="Canada"><noRegion><name sortKey="Roudaia, Eugenie" sort="Roudaia, Eugenie" uniqKey="Roudaia E" first="Eugenie" last="Roudaia">Eugenie Roudaia</name></noRegion></country><country name="Royaume-Uni"><noRegion><name sortKey="Roach, Neil W" sort="Roach, Neil W" uniqKey="Roach N" first="Neil W." last="Roach">Neil W. Roach</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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